latest, new, recent
best-selling
forthcoming, upcoming (esp. AmE)
hardback, hardcover (esp. AmE), leather-bound, paperback
printed
one of the earliest printed books

rare
second-hand (esp. BrE), used (AmE)
excellent, fascinating, fine, good, great, interesting, readable, remarkable, terrific, useful, wonderful
There's nothing like curling up with a mug of tea and a good book.

famous, important, influential
controversial
a controversial book about the royal family

favourite/favorite
a survey to find the nation's favourite/favorite children's book

library
audio
children's, colouring/coloring, comic, picture, reading, story (usually storybook)
cook (usually cookbook), cookery (BrE)
guide (usually guidebook), travel
phrase, reference
coffee-table, illustrated
how-to, self-help, tell-all
school, set (BrE), text (usually textbook)
‘Emma’ was one of our set books for the exam.

history, science, etc.
address, autograph, exercise, order
phone, telephone
holy, hymn, prayer

copy
How many copies of the book did you order?

flick through (esp. BrE), flip through (esp. AmE), look at, read, skim through
be deep in, be engrossed in, be immersed in
study
look up from, put down
She looked up from her book and smiled at him.
I couldn't put the book down.

close, open
author, co-author, write
bring out, publish, put out
reprint
edit, proofread, revise
translate
illustrate
bind
ban, censor
dedicate, inscribe
The book is dedicated to his mother.
Her name was inscribed in the book.
The collector had many books inscribed to him by famous authors.

review
recommend
borrow, check out (esp. AmE), have out, take out (esp. BrE) (= from a library)
How many books can I borrow?

return, take back (= to a library)
renew
Do you want to renew any of your library books?

appear, come out
His latest book will appear in December.

be out of print, go out of print

title
review, reviewer
club
token (BrE)
bag (AmE)

in a/the book
These issues are discussed in his latest book.

book about, book on
She's busy writing a book on astrology.

book by
a book by Robert Grout

book of
a book of walks in London

account

do, keep
She does the books for us.

audit, check
cook (informal)
Someone was cooking the books (= falsifying the accounts).

on the books
We have fifty people on the books (= working for us).