left, right
sharp
dislocated, fractured
sore
pitching, throwing (both in baseball)

lean, place, rest
He rested one elbow on the wall as he spoke.

lean on, prop yourself up on, raise yourself up on
She opened her eyes and propped herself up on one elbow to look at him.

catch, grasp, take
He caught her elbow to steady her.

jab, slam (esp. AmE), thrust
She thrust her elbow into her attacker's face.

bend, flex
extend, straighten
bang, hit
I banged my elbow on the table as I got up.

dislocate, fracture, injure
lock
Extend your arms without locking your elbows.

joint, ligament
injury
pain, problem
surgery
pad
room
The office cubicles give you hardly any elbow room.

above the elbow
at your elbow
A voice at my elbow said, ‘Please sit down!’

below the elbow
The whole of his arm below the elbow was badly burned.

beneath your elbow, under your elbow
She slid a hand under his elbow to guide him.

by the elbow
He took his guest by the elbow and steered him in the direction of the bar.

on one elbow
He raised himself on one elbow and looked at the bedside clock.

be up to your elbows in sth
He was up to his elbows in hot water.

the crook of your elbow
She was cradling a small bundle in the crook of her elbow.

dig your elbow into sb's ribs
She dug her elbow into Jim's ribs to remind him not to give the secret away.

rub elbows with sb (figurative, AmE)
He had been rubbing elbows with celebrities.

Elbow is used with these nouns as the object:
way